Survey on the overlapping prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome among rural adults in Shaanxi Province / 中华消化杂志

Objective:To investigate the overlapping prevalence and risk factors of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) among rural adults in Shaanxi Province.Methods:From February 1 to October 31 in 2019, 12 villages in Shaanxi Province were randomly selected for household questionnaire survey through multistage stratified cluster sampling. A total of 2 423 subjects were enrolled, including 1 037 males and 1 386 females, with age of (45.3±16.9) years old. GERD was diagnosed according to the Montreal criteria, FD and IBS were diagnosed according to the Rome Ⅳ criteria. The overlapping prevalence of the three diseases were calculated. The risk factors for the overlapping of GERD, FD and IBS were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was used for statistical analysis.Results:Among the 2 423 subjects, 624 cases had GERD (302 cases), FD (377 cases) or IBS (167 cases), of which 30.77% (192/624) patients had overlap of ≥two diseases. The overlap rates of GERD and FD, GERD and IBS, FD and IBS, GERD, FD and IBS were 2.56% (62/2 423), 1.61% (39/2 423), 2.52% (61/2 423) and 1.24% (30/2 423), respectively. The results of Multivariate analysis showed that female and migraine without aura were positively correlated with the overlap of GERD and FD, FD and IBS, and GERD and IBS (odds ratio ( OR)=3.08, 2.68, 3.66, 7.37, 5.91 and 4.46, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 1.35 to 7.01, 1.35 to 5.30, 1.52 to 8.83, 3.97 to 13.69, 1.78 to 19.60 and 2.01 to 9.92; all P<0.05). Heavy drinking (alcohol intake≥50 g/d (male) or≥30 g/d (female)) was positively correlated with the overlap of FD and IBS, GERD and IBS, and GERD, FD and IBS ( OR=3.69, 4.20 and 4.91, 95% CI 1.19 to 11.48, 1.01 to 17.50 and 1.23 to 19.52; all P<0.05). Heavy smoking (smoking≥20 cigarettes per day) was positively correlated with the overlap of GERD and FD, FD and IBS, GERD and IBS, and GERD, FD and IBS ( OR=3.44, 6.25, 8.27 and 7.04, 95% CI 1.07 to 11.01, 1.60 to 24.44, 1.80 to 38.07 and 1.76 to 28.12; all P<0.05). The educational level of junior or senior high school and age≥60 years old were negatively correlated with the overlap of GERD and FD, FD and IBS, GERD and IBS, and GERD, FD and IBS ( OR=0.47, 0.29, 0.20, 0.05, 0.23, 0.10, 0.37 and 0.16, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.93, 0.09 to 0.95, 0.09 to 0.42, 0.01 to 0.19, 0.09 to 0.60, 0.02 to 0.65, 0.15 to 0.87 and 0.03 to 0.81; all P<0.05). Conclusions:The overlap of GERD, FD and IBS is common and affected by many factors. Female, age≥60 years old, heavy smoking, heavy drinking, low education level and history of migraine without aura are associated with multiple overlaps of GERD, FD and IBS.

Targeted Theranostic Nanoprobes for US/MRI Dual-mode Imaging and High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Synergistic Therapy:An in Vitro Experiment / 中国医学影像学杂志

Purpose To develop the folate-targeted theranostic nanoprobe, investigate the active targeting behavior of nanoprobes to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in vitro,and discuss the effect of enhanced US/MRI dual-mode imaging in vitro and the synergistic effect of high intensity focused ultrasound on HCC killing. Materials and Methods The folate-targeted nanoprobe loaded with iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4) and phase-shift material perfluorohexane (PFH) was prepared by double emulsion method and carbodiimide method. The average particle size, morphological structure and the ability of liquid-gas phase transition were detected. The active targeting ability of the nanoprobe to HCC BEL-7402 was observed in vitro.The ultrasonic imaging effect of nanoprobe was observed by HIFU irradiation in vitro.MRI was performed on the Fe3O4nanoprobe with different content of magnetic particles.The synergistic killing ability of the nanoprobe combined with HIFU on liver cancer cells was detected with in vitro apoptosis experiment. Results The folate-targeted nanoprobe loading iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4) and phase-shift material PFH was prepared, with the average size of (402.50±66.43) nm. It was in the shape of regular sphere with the magnetic particle Fe3O4scattered inside. The HIFU irradiation caused liquid and gas phase transition.In vitro targeting experiments showed that BEL-7402 cells were surrounded by a large number of nanoscale probes.In vitro dual mode imaging showed that the ultrasonic echo intensity was obviously enhanced after HIFU irradiates nanoscale probes. The MR negative imaging ability of the nanoprobe was also enhanced with the enhancement of Fe3O4concentration in nanoparticles. In vitro apoptosis experiments showed that the nanoscale probe had the ability to significantly enhance the effect of HIFU on the killing of HCC. Conclusion The prepared folate-targeted theranostic nanoprobes exhibit the excellent capability for in vitro targeting.They can be used for ultrasound and MRI as multimodal imaging agents and coordinates with HIFU to enhance the effect on killing HCC, which realizes the early diagnosis of tumor and targeted precision therapy.

Preparation of photoacoustic/ultrasonic real time dual-modality nanoparticles and imaging experiment / 中国介入影像与治疗学

Objective To synthesize a kind of carbon nanoparticles incorporated liquid-gas phase-transition nanodroplets (CNPs),and to verify their traceability for photoacoustic/ultrasound dual-modality imaging at real time.Methods The nanodroplets were synthesized using dual-emulsion technique.The basic properties were observed and measured with optical microscope,transmission electron microscope and laser particle size analyzer.The phase transition of CNPs was observed after laser irradiation.DiI-labeled CNPs phagocytosed by macrophages were also observed with the laser scanning confoeal microscope.The enhanced photoacoustic/ultrasound imaging with CNPs in vitro was observed after laser irradiation.And the in vivo experiment was used to analyze the effect of CNPs for tracking metastatic lymph nodes of the axilla in VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits with enhanced photoacoustic/ultrasound imaging.Results CNPs with the average diameter of (483.32 ± 45.09) nm and Zeta potential of (-26.3 ± 5.02) mV were successfully prepared.After laser irradiation,the phase-transition of CNPs obviously took place.After co-incubation with macrophages,CNPs were massively phagocytosed by macrophages.Photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging were significantly enhanced with CNPs in vitro and in vivo.And the mean photoacoustic signal and the grey level increased with the concentration of CNPs.Conclusion CNPs are successfully synthesized with excellent phase-transition feature after laser irradiation,which could be used for photoacoustic/ultrasound dual-modality imaging at real time.And this excellent property got further confirmed by tracking malignant metastatic lymph nodes in rabbits.

Targeting ability and photoacoustic imaging of novel nanoparticle probe loaded with ZnPc and docetaxel: An in vitro study / 中国介入影像与治疗学

Objective To investigate the targeting ability and photoacoustic imaging of novel nanoparticle probe loaded with ZnPc and docetaxel.Methods The polymeric nanoparticles probe loaded with ZnPc and docetaxel were fabricated using double emulsion method.RGDfK was modified on the surface for breast carcinoma targeting by carbodiimide method.The encapsulating ratio (ER) and drug loading (DL) of ZnPc and docetaxel were assessed.The modification rate and targeting ability of molecular probe were tested in vitro,and the photoacoustic imaging and drug release profiles were observed.Results The probes were loaded with ZnPc and docetaxel efficiently and successfully.The size of novel nanoparticle loaded with ZnPc and docetaxel was (266.00 ± 65.85)nm,and the surface potential was (-29.20± 6.27)mV.ER and DL of docetaxel was (88.00±0.32)％ and (34.92±0.02)μg/mg,of ZnPc was (97.25±0.22)％ and (30.87±0.11)μg/mg,respectively.The probes had certain sustained slow release effect and showed obvious photoacoustic signals,which enhanced with the increase of the content of ZnPc.Flow cytometry detection results showed that the RGDfk modification rate was 89.19％.The apoptotic rate of novel nanoparticle loaded with ZnPc and docetaxel targeting breast carcinoma increased after the laser irradiation in vitro.Conclusion The new polymeric multifunctional nanoparticles probe has an ideal size and good photoacoustic signals,also the ability to target breast carcinoma cells and inhibit the proliferation of breast carcinoma cells efficiently.

BRD4 scilencing plus gemcitabine may be a novel therapy for triple-negative breast cancer / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose:Breast cancer has the highest morbidity and mortality rate in women worldwide. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has no speciifc target and has low survival rate. Recent studies have veriifed BRD4 could promote tumor progression. This study aimed to detect the expression level of BRD4 in TNBC after treatment with gemcitabine, and to reveal the effect ofBRD4 silencing plus gemcitabine as a treatment for TNBC. Methods:The expression ofBRD4 in TNBC cell lines treated with gemcitabine was detected by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blot. The effect of BRD4 silencing plus gemcitabine in TNBC was illustratedin vitro and in vivo.Results:The expression ofBRD4 in TNBC was signiifcantly increased after treatment with gemcitabine.In vitro,BRD4 knockdown signiifcantly lowered the IC50 value. The apoptotic rate of TNBC was signiifcantly increased in theBRD4 silencing plus gemcitabine group compared to the other. The growth rate of tumorin vivo was signiifcantly lowered in the BRD4 silencing plus gemcitabine group.Conclusion:BRD4 may play an important role in the drug resistance to gemcitabine in TNBC.BRD4 silencing plus gemcitabine may be a novel treatment strategy for TNBC.

Clinical Study of Acupoint Application Combined with Daqinglong Decoction for Treatment of Children Asthma with Syndrome of Exterior Cold and Interior Heat / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of acupoint application combined with Daqinglong Decoction (DD) for children asthma with the syndrome of exterior cold and interior heat. Methods One hundred and five children with mild and moderate persistent asthma were evenly randomized into combination group, DD group and Montelukast group. The three groups were separately given acupoint application combined with oral use of DD, oral use of DD, oral use of Montelukast, respectively. The treatment for the three groups lasted for 12 weeks. The scores of traditional Chinese medical syndromes in the three groups were recorded before and after treatment. The control of asthmatic symptoms, acute asthmatic attack frequency, and the course of disease were evaluated at the end of follow-up week 12. Results (1) At the end of treatment week 4 and 16, the syndrome scores were obviously decreased in the three groups (P0.05) . At the end of follow-up week 12, the decrease of syndrome scores in the combination group was superior to that in DD group and Montelukast group (P<0.05). (2) The effect of the combination group on controlling the asthmatic symptoms was superior to that of the other two groups ( P<0.01). ( 3) The combination group had lower acute asthmatic attack frequency and shorter disease course than DD group and Montelukast group ( P<0.01). Conclusion Acupoint application combined with oral use of Daqinglong Decoction is effective for children asthma with the syndrome of exterior cold and interior heat by relieving symptoms, enhancing the control of asthma, reducing acute asthmatic attack frequency and shortening disease course.

Biological significance of expression of nitric oxide synthases in neurogenic bladder / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To explore the expression of nitric oxide synthases including neuronal nitric oxide synthases(nNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthases(iNOS), endothelial nitric oxide synthases (eNOS) in neurogenic bladder tissues, and analyze it's producing feature and significance. Methods There were 30 cases with neurogenic bladder(18 males, 12 females). The average age was 6.3±3.1 years. All patients appeared with myelodysplasia, urinary and fecal incontinence in different degree. Twenty-six cases were manifested with hyperreflexia bladders, and all patients were treated with surgical procedures. During operation, collected bladder tissue samples including tissues of apex vesicae and tissues of bladder neck, and all tissues were enveloped with mineral wax. All tissues were detected for nNOS, iNOS, and eNOS respectively in tissues of apex vesicae and tissues of bladder neck,and with normal bladder tissues as control group (bladder tissues of hypospadia, 10 cases), and according to clinical features, to explore the expression of NOS, and to analyze the relationship among them. Results In normal apex vesicae tissues, all cases stained with nNOS, and distributed among bundles of smooth muscles, and surface of smooth muscles and interstitial tissue, histochemica;score (HS) 2.8-4.0 and 1.2-2.7. There were no stained cells in bladder tissues of iNOS, and HS was very low, HS:0-0. 4 and 0-0.1 ;eNOS mainly distributed in interstitial tissues in rarefaction manners, and mainly in vascular endothelial cell (VEC), and smooth muscles had no stainings the most expression among them was nNOS, and mainly distributed in bladder neck tissues. In neurogenic bladder tissues, the main expression of NOS type was iNOS, and nNOS decreased significantly. eNOS mainly expressed in VEC among interstitial tissues, and had no staining in smooth muscle cells and collagenoblast and rarefaction of microvessel in bladder tissues, and microvessel density decreased significantly than normal bladder tissues. Microvessal density(MVD) in bladder tisssus (6. 8± 3.2/100per square) was less than that in normal tissues (16.7±6.3/100 per square). Conclusions In normal bladder tissues, nNOS mainly distributes in bladder neck and urethra, and nitric oxide mainly derives from nNOS. Much more matrix fibers, fewer nitrogenergic nerves, and less nNOS expression are seen in neurogenic bladder interstitial tissue. There are more iNOS expressions in bladder tissues,and NO is mainly derived from iNOS, and it may play an important role in pathological bladder tissues, especially in fibrosis of bladder wall. eNOS may be considered as angiopoietic labeling, and may evaluate the blood supply of bladder.

Therapeutic effect of creatine phosphate in early diastolic dysfunction / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect of creatine phosphate sodium (CP, Neoton) at early stage of myocardium diastolic dysfunction. Methods: A total of 138 cases with myocardium diastolic dysfunction were divided into CP group (n=109) and routine treatment group (n=29). All the patients received routine treatment. The CP group received CP treatment based on routine treatment(CP 2g+5%glucose or 0.9% sodium chloride 100ml, iv. drip, for patients with mild diastolic dysfunction was 1time/d, patients with moderate diastolic dysfunction was 2 times/d), duration was 7~14 days. Color-coded Doppler echocardiography was used to detect transmitral peak early diastolic velocity (E-wave)，transmitral peak late diastolic velocity (A-wave)，peak early diastolic velocity of mitral annulus (Ea), and peak late diastolic velocity of mitral annulus(Aa), and the value of E/A ,Ea/Aa and E/Ea were calculated. Symptoms, signs and items from echocardiography were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results: After treatment, all symptoms and signs of patients in two groups significantly improved (P<0.05~0.01), and the marked effective rate in CP group was significantly higher than that of routine treatment group (96.2% vs. 57.1%, P<0.01). In CP group, the marked effective rate of E/A (81.65% vs. 10.34%), Ea/Aa (83.49% vs. 13.79%) and E/Ea (92.86% vs. 12.00%) were significantly higher than those in routine treatment group (P<0.01all). Conclusion: Creatine phosphate possesses marked effect for improve patient’s condition and diastolic dysfunction.

Immunohistochemical study of the synaptophysin in hirschsprung’s disease / 中国现代普通外科进展

Objective:To study the neuromuscular junction of the colon in patients with Hirschsprung’s disease by immunohistochemical methods.Methods:The distribution of the neuromuscular junction in the muscle layers of bowel from 10 normal controls and 20 Hirschsprung’s disease patients was studied by synaptophysin immunohistochemistry.Antimouse synaptophysin serum was used for visualization of neuromuscular junction.Results:In the colon of the control cases,synaptophysin-immunoreactivity was widely distributed in the circular muscle layer.In the dilated colon with Hirschsprung’s disease cases,synaptophysin-immunoreactivity was moderately distributed within normal ganglion cell and scarcely in constricted segment within degenerated ganglion cell.In contrast to the high degree of synaptophysin-immunoreactivity in the controls and dilated colon,the synaptophysin-immunoreactivity in the constricted segment were nil in the circular muscle layer.Conclutions:Dense synaptophysin-immunoreactivity nerve endings were prominent in the circular muscle layer in the control and there was almost no synaptophysin imm-unoreactivity activity in the circular muscle layer in the constricted segment.The circular muscle layer from the constricted segment is confirmed to be a region with poor innervation including extrinsic and intrinsic nerve. Based on the Cannon’s Law of Denervation,the muscles that are supplied by these nerves shorten and tighten,resulting in muscle spasm and stiffness.The constricted segment which was denervated,is incapable of transmitting normal propulsive peristaltic waves and therefore acts as a physiologic obstruction.

Recent outcome of bladder augmentation using deepithelialiezed segment of small intestine lined with urothelium / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate urodynamically and clinically bladder augmentation using double-deepithelialized segment of the small intestine lined with urothelium to analyse the recent outcome to treatment of hyperreflexia neurogenical bladder.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>25 patients with neurogenical bladder underwent bladder augmentation using deepithelialized segment of the small intestine lined with urothelium (4 - 14 years old, 16 males and 9 females) from October 1998 to October 2000. 21 patients were followed up. Voiding cystoureterography and urodynamic and clinical evaluation were performed, and serum electrolyte, urea nitrogen and creatinine were tested before and 6 months to 2 years after operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After operation, bladder volume, maximum urine flow rate and compliance were increased, but residual urine/bladder volume and detrusor pressure decreased. Uninhibitory contraction decreased in 15 patients. In 12 patients associated vesicoureteral reflux, clinical evaluation revealed poor outcomes before operation, but excellent (4 patients), good (9), effective (4), poor outcomes (4) after operation. Seven patients had urinary sensation recovered. Vesicoureteral reflux decreased in 9 patients. There were no electrolyte unbalance and abnormal renal function in all patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Bladder augmentation using double-deepithelialized segment of the small intestine lined with urothelium shows a better result currently.</p>

NS-398, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, can down-regulate the expression of P-glycoprotein in the gastric cancer cell / 中华消化杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of NS-398, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, on the expression of P-glycoprotein(P-gp) in a gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901. Methods SGC-7901 cells were treated with NS-398 in different concentrations (0, 10 ?mol/L and 100 ?mol/L) respectively. Prostaglandin E2(PGE2) was detected by ELISA. Twenty four hs and 48 hs later, the expression of mdr1 mRNA were detected by RT-PCR. P-gp protein expression in SGC-7901 cells was detected by immunocytochemical technique after NS-398 treatment.Results NS-398 can inhibit the expression of PGE2 in a dose-dependent manner(P

The expression of TGF ? receptor Ⅰ and apoptosis in gastric carcinoma and precancerous lesions / 中国实用内科杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of TGF ? receptor Ⅰ(RⅠ)and apoptosis in gastric carcinoma and precancerous lesions,and their effects in the development of gastric carcinoma.Methods The expressions of TGF ?RⅠ in 103 cases,including CSG(30 cases),IM(30 cases),Dys(18 cases)and GAC(25 cases)were detected by immunohistochemical techniques(SP),apoptosis cells were examined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT) mediated dUTP nick end labelling(TUNEL).Results Both the expressions of TGF ?RⅠ and apoptosis indexes(AI:percentage of TUNEL positive cells)showed negative correlation with the degree of gastric mucosa lesions from CSG,IM,Dys to GAC(r=-0^7272,P

Clinical management of anuria caused by congenital bilateral ureteral stenotic obstruction / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical features of anuria caused by pediatric congenital bilateral ureteral stenotic obstruction,and to improve the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.Methods This series included 7 infants(2 males and 5 females;age range,35-57 d) with congenital bilateral ureteral stenotic obstruction.The clinical presentations were characterized by sudden anuria or oliguria.B-ultrasound,cystography and puncture pyelography were performed in all of them,and magnetic resonance urography(MRU) in 3.Based on the definite diagnosis,resection of stenotic segment of the ureter or ureteral implantation was performed on them.Results The diagnosis was confirmed by puncture pyelography in all of the 7 cases.Six cases underwent phase I surgery and recovered.No ureteral stenosis and cystoureteral reflux occurred during a follow-up of 2-4 years.The renal function was normalized in them.One case had stenosis recurrence due to scar formation,and was cured by the second operation.Conclusions Anuria caused by pediatric congenital bilateral ureteral stenosis should be diagnosed and treated as early as possible.Definite diagnosis can be established by puncture pyelography and MRU.Resection of the obstructive segment of the ureter,protection of renal function,and ureteral implantation are the main therapies.

The urodynamic evaluation of bladder augmentation using de-epithelialized segment of small intestine lined with urothelium / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the urodynamic outcome after bladder augmentation using double de-epithelialized segment of small intestine lined with urothelium. Methods Twenty-five children with neurogenical bladder (age range,4 to 14 years;16 males and 9 females) underwent bladder augmentation using de-epithelialized segment of small intestine lined with urothelium.Pre- and post-operative voiding cystoureterography,urodynamic and clinical evaluation were performed on them.Of them 21 cases were followed up for 6 to 24 months after operation. Results Bladder volume was increased from pre-operative (142.14?45.88)ml to post-operative (242.62?60.04) ml,compliance from (3.26?1.57) ml/cmH 2O (1 cmH 2O=0.098 kPa) to(8.10?3.00)ml/cmH 2O,and maximum urine flow rate from (3.00?1.00) ml/s to (7.60?2.90)ml/s,respectively(P

Quantitative Detection of Serum HBV-DNA in Patients with Chronic Hepatic Disease and Its Clinical Application / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship among the content of serum HBV-DNA and the different degree of chronic liver damage,and the marks of hepatitis B virus and to explore its value in the evaluation of therapy.Method Fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to measure the concentration of sera HBV-DNA in 113 patients infected by HBV.Results The serum HBV-DNA in mild chronic hepatitis group was the highest.In the patients with aggravating liver damage,the serum HBV-DNA concentration was decreased gradually.It was indicated that serum HBV-DNA concentration in the patients with HBeAg positive was significantly higher than that of HBeAg negative.However,there were no evident relationship among HBV-DNA concentration,ALT,AST activities and different Child's classification of cirrhosis.The patients with lower serum HBV-DNA concentration before treatment had a better outcome.The therapeutical effects were correlated with the serum of viral DNA concentrations.Conclusions The quantitative detection of serum HBV-DNA has instructive value in understanding the relationship among the clinical status of chronic hepatic disease,the duplication level of hepatitis virus and evaluating therapy.

Biofeedback therapy for myogenic fecal incontinence / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of biofeedback therapy for the treatment of myogenic fecal incontinence. MethodsA general assessment about anorectal function was made on 17 cases receiving biofeedback therapy including muscle power training,sensory training and coordination training. Results The clinical scores before and after biofeedback therapy were 1.66?0.23,3.80?0.42 respectively,with an effective rate of 82%. The anus maximum contracting pressure elevated,(73?20) mm Hg vs. (123?30) mm Hg; myoelectric amplitude increased,(122?32) ?V vs. (230?41) ?V;Contracting time prolonged,(4.1?2.0) s vs. (9.4?3.0) s; The sensory threshold was lowered,(50?12) ml vs. ( 20? 10) ml;The feel-contract time increased,(3.1?0.4) s vs. (1.2?0.3) s. Positive rectal contraction reflex was seen in 41% patients before therapy compared with 82% after therapy. Conclusions Biofeedback therapy increases contractility of sphincter,decreases threshold of rectal sensory,and is a therapy of choice for myogenic fecal incontinence.

The effect of Helicobacter pyiori infecton on the function of antral G cell in patients with active duodenal ulcer and functional dyspepsia / 中华消化杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection on the func-tion of antral G cell in patients with active duodenal ulcer (DU) and functional dyspepsia (FD). Methods According to the status of H. pylori, 77 patients with active DU were randomly divided into three groups:group A, 51 cases whom H. pylori successfully eradicated (male 37 and female 14, with mean age of 35.2± 12.6); group B, 12 cases remained H. pylori positive after eradication therapy (male 9 and female 3, 34.5± 10.3) and group C, 14 H. pylori-negative patients (male 9 and female 5, 37.5 ± 11.8). Twenty-five H.pylori-eradicated FD patients served as controls (male 15 and female 10, 38.1 ± 12.6). Before and one month after therapy gastroendoscopy was performed and antral mucosa specimens were taken to detect the number of G cell (immunohistochemistry) and the expression of gastrin gene (RT-PCR with addition of α-32p-dATP).The plasma gastrin concentrations were also measurece by RIA. ResultsUlcer healed in all DU patients after the therapy. There was no significantly difference in G cell number among the four groups. Before therapy ex-pression levels of gastrin gene were significantly higher in all DU patients (group A 424.5 ± 151.6, group B 435.1 ± 113.8, group C 368.0 ± 184.3) than in FD patients (group D 215.8 ± 94.9 Bq, P ＜ 0.01 ). How-ever, there was not different between those in H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative DU patients ( P ＞0.05). Gastrin concentrations and its gene expression levels in DU patients tended to decrease after therapy but the difference was not significant no matter H. pylori was eradicated or not. However in FD patients (group D) they were decreased after H. pylori eradication (P < 0.05). Although gastrin levels in FD were similar to that in DU patients before the therapy, it was significantly decreased in FD than in DU after H. py-lori eradication (P<0.001). There was a positive relationships between plasma gastrin concentrations and its gene expression level in antral mucosa ( P < 0.05). ConclusionH. pylori infection does not affect antral G cell number but stimulates gastrin gene expression and gastrin release, which decreases after H. pylori eradica-tion. So, it can conclude that H. pylori infection and ulcer per se may affect the function of antral G cells.

Management of urethral dehiscence after hypospadias repair / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To investigate the cause and management of urethral dehiscence after hypospadias repair. Methods 23 cases of urethral dehiscence after hypospadias repair were reviewed.According to the location of meatus and the status of available skin, urethroplasty was performed by preputial island flap, scrotal island flap or bladder mucosa translocation. Results 23 cases were followed up from 1 to 9 years.15 cases were cured.3 developed urethral fistulae after the secondary repair, which were subsecondary closed up successfully by Thiersch procedure,4 had stricture at the anastomosis site or at the meatal stenosis , which were cured by a silastlic tube stent ( 1.5～5.0 months ). 1 had a mild penile curvature yet erection was satisfactory. Conclusions Preputial or scrotal island flap translocation should be the primary choice of secondary urethral reconstruction, whereas bladder mucosa graft is used in case of local skin deficiency.A secondary surgery should be performed by experceinced uro pediatric surgeons.

Bladder neck and pelvic floor suspension for neurogenic urinary incontinence in children / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To assess the effect of bladder neck sling in combination with pelvic floor suspension for management of urinary incontinence due to neurogenic sphincter incompetence in children. Methods From March 1998 to October 2000,23 patients (age:5 14 years) with neurogenic urinary incontinence resulting from congenital myelodysplasia underwent bladder neck sling with pyramidalis muscle in combination with pelvic floor suspension with iliopsoas,of whom 14 patients underwent bladder augmentation concomitantly with the procedure. Results All patients were followed up for 5 to 32 months (mean 18 months).Thirteen cases achieved continence,7 cases were improved,and 3 failed to gain effect.The overall effective rate was 87%.Pre operatively,the maximum bladder volume were (151.5?72.8)ml,leak point pressure were (32.3?6.5)cm H 2O(1 cm H 2O=0.098 kPa),maximum urethral pressure were ( 38.4 ? 13.7 )cm H 2O,maximum closing pressure were (22.8?13.2)cm H 2O and functional urethral length were (3.9?1.8)cm respectively.Post operatively,they were (211.6?63.3)ml,(49.8?16.4)cm H 2O,( 50.8 ?12.3)cm H 2O,(32.9?12.5)cm H 2O,(5.6?2.0)cm correspondingly.The differences were significant ( P

A PRIMARY STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEENHELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION AND BLOOD GROUP / 中国人兽共患病学报

Aim To study the relationship between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and genetic factor-ABO blood group. Methods 177 cases of peptic ulcer were studied, including 127 cases with H. pylori infection in Group A and 50 cases without H. pylori infection in Group B. The percentages of ABO blood group in two groups were compared each other and were compared with that of the control group(the material of ABO blood group percentages of the people in the easten China) respectively. Results ①The percentage of blood group O in group A(53. 54％) was significantly higher than that of the control (P＜0. 01). ②No significant difference was observed between Group B and the control(P＞0.05) or Group A(P＞0. 05). Conclusion There is the relationship between H. pylori infection and blood group O.